Influenza (the flu) is a highly contagious viral infection that spreads easily from person to person. While many people recover from the flu within a week, for others—particularly young children, the elderly, pregnant people, and those with underlying health conditions—the flu can lead to severe complications, hospitalisation, and even death.
With flu cases already circulating in the community, it’s more important than ever to get vaccinated and take steps to protect yourself and those around you.
Understanding Influenza
Influenza is most commonly caused by type A or B influenza viruses that infect the upper airways and lungs. Unlike the common cold or COVID-19, flu symptoms tend to come on suddenly and can be more severe. Flu season in Queensland typically runs from May to September, with a peak in August, though in tropical areas, outbreaks can occur at any time.
How the Flu Spreads
The flu spreads easily through:
- Airborne droplets – When an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks, the virus can spread through tiny droplets in the air.
- Surface contamination – Touching contaminated objects like door handles, phones, or remote controls and then touching your eyes, nose, or mouth can lead to infection.
- Close contact – Being within 1 metre of an infected person increases the risk of transmission.
People with the flu can be contagious from 24 hours before symptoms appear until a week after symptoms begin. Children and those with weakened immune systems may be infectious for even longer.
Signs and Symptoms of Influenza
Flu symptoms typically appear 1 to 3 days after infection and can include:
- Fever
- Sore throat
- Dry cough
- Headache
- Muscle and joint pain
- Fatigue or extreme exhaustion
For elderly individuals, symptoms may present differently and could include confusion, shortness of breath, or worsening of an existing chronic condition.
Why Get a Flu Vaccine?
The best way to protect yourself from the flu is through vaccination. The influenza vaccine helps build immunity against the virus and reduces the risk of severe illness and hospitalisation.
Annual influenza vaccination is recommended for everyone aged 6 months and older, particularly for:
- Children aged 6 months to less than 5 years
- People aged 65 and over
- First Nations people
- Pregnant individuals
- People with certain chronic medical conditions
Flu Vaccination During Pregnancy
Vaccination during pregnancy is a safe and effective way to protect both expectant parents and their babies. Protective antibodies are passed through the placenta, offering newborns essential immunity during their first few months of life when they are too young to be vaccinated themselves.
Common Myths About the Flu Vaccine:
- “The flu vaccine gives you the flu.” – This is a myth. The vaccine does not contain live viruses, so it cannot cause the flu. Some people may experience mild flu-like symptoms for up to 48 hours as their immune system responds to the vaccine.
- “Healthy people don’t need the flu shot.” – Even healthy individuals can contract the flu and spread it to vulnerable people around them.
- “I had the flu shot last year, so I don’t need it again.” – Influenza strains change each year, which is why annual vaccination is necessary to maintain protection.
Managing Flu Symptoms
If you do catch the flu, most cases can be managed at home with:
- Rest
- Staying hydrated (drinking plenty of water)
- Over-the-counter medication for symptom relief (as directed)
Prescription antiviral medications can help reduce the duration and severity of symptoms if taken within 48 hours of symptom onset. These are particularly beneficial for individuals at high risk of severe flu complications.
Preventing the Spread of Influenza
Beyond vaccination, simple hygiene practices can help prevent the spread of flu:
- Wash your hands regularly with soap and water or use an alcohol-based hand sanitiser.
- Cover coughs and sneezes with a tissue or your elbow.
- Avoid close contact with people who are unwell.
- Clean frequently touched surfaces regularly.
- Stay home if you are unwell to prevent spreading the virus to others.
Book your Flu Vaccine with Nurse Maddy or Nurse Crystal today!
